Category Archives: Algebra

Algebra Challenge – 4

For integer $n>0$, find the values of $$\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}(-1)^{i+1}\cdot i\cdot\binom{n-1}{i-1}$$ Click here for the solution. Solution: If $n=1$, then \begin{flalign*} \sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}(-1)^{i+1}\cdot i\cdot\binom{n-1}{i-1} &= (-1)^{1+1}\cdot 1\cdot\binom{1-1}{1-1}& \\ &=1& \end{flalign*} If $n=2$, then \begin{flalign*} \sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}(-1)^{i+1}\cdot i\cdot\binom{n-1}{i-1} &=(-1)^{1+1}\cdot 1\cdot\binom{2-1}{1-1}+(-1)^{2+1}\cdot 2\cdot\binom{2-1}{2-1}& \\ &=1-2& \\ &=-1& … Continue reading

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Algebra/Geometry Challenge – 2

Cyclic quadrilateral $ABCD$ has lengths $BC=CD=3$, $AB=5$, $AD=8$. What is the length of the shorter diagonal of $ABCD$? Click here for the solution. Solution: Let $AC$ and $BD$ intersect at $E$, $x=BD$, $y=AE$, $z=CE$, $AC=y+z$. Because $BC=CD$, $AC$ is angle … Continue reading

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Geometry Challenge – Area of Irregular Pentagon

As shown in the diagram below, a star sign consists of five straight lines. It produces five triangles and a pentagon. If areas of five triangles are 3, 10, 7, 15, and 8 square unit respectively. Find the area of … Continue reading

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Geometry Probability – 3

Two points are randomly and uniformly selected from the interior of a circle. The center of the circle and the two points joined together form a triangle. What is the probability that the triangle is acute? Click here for the … Continue reading

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Geometry Probability – 2

An iron rod of $1$ foot long is cut into three segments with random length. (1) What is the probability that the three segments form a triangle? (2) What is the probability that the three segments form an acute triangle? … Continue reading

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